The Art of Object-Oriented Programming

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Understand OOP from classes and objects to composition, inheritance, polymorphism, coupling, and cohesion with practical examples.
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OOP is a way of managing software complexity by giving objects clear responsibilities, protecting their state, and defining how they interact. This guide covers classes, objects, encapsulation, abstraction, inheritance, polymorphism, composition, coupling, cohesion, and common design mistakes—with practical examples of how these concepts work together to create cleaner, more maintainable systems.